应用肌动学上课心得四(4/10,2010) Cranial Fault

上瑜伽课,要改变一个人的身体很简单,但要改变一个人的性格,很难。
上了几年瑜伽课,变成老油条了,此时想要改变一个人的习性,更难,尤其是对流派的执著。
当,习性根深蒂固时,想要改变一个人的态度,就更无可能了。因为态度的呈现,就是心性的呈现。

就像是吃垃圾食物一般,为了短暂的满足感,最后演变成一种瘾头,无法戒,无法断,根据研究,成瘾者的大脑里特定的多巴胺受体会减少。多巴胺是一种神经化学物质,作用于大脑里的愉快中枢,成瘾者的多巴胺受体分泌减少,得暴饮暴食,才会产生满足感。

吸菸或是吸食毒品让人成瘾的机制也是如此。

以瑜伽的角度来看,那是心的成瘾,意谓著思想模式被僵化了,过于坚持某种教条,宁愿放弃体验生命的各种可能性,和固执地坚持传统的卫道人士无异。

瑜伽,很难学,因为它从心着手,但相反地,瑜伽也很好学,因为它有八支的方法,可以让人从他律,自律,体位法,生命能量控制法,感官收摄法,专注,禅化,三摩地,逐一到达宁静安详的三摩地境界。
In brief the eight limbs, or steps to yoga, are as follows:
Yama :  Universal morality
Niyama :  Personal observances
Asanas :  Body postures
Pranayama :  Breathing exercises, and control of prana
Pratyahara :  Control of the senses
Dharana :  Concentration and cultivating inner perceptual awareness
Dhyana :  Devotion, Meditation on the Divine
Samadhi :  Union with the Divine

一部被公认为瑜伽界最灵性的经典由Astavakra(阿士塔伐克拉)所著的Astavakra Gita(王者之王瑜伽经),已由喜悦之路邱显峯老师所译,有提到以下章节:
1.14. You have long been trapped in the snare of identification with the body. Sever it with the knife of knowledge that “I am awareness”, and be happy, my dearest.
孩子,你长期被自我感(abhimana)给囚禁,要用菩提本智(bodoham)的知识剑来断除,以生快乐。

1.15. You are really unbound and actionless, self-illuminating and spotless already. The cause of your bondage is that you are still resorting to stilling the mind.
你本是不执著的,无为的,自我发光且无瑕疵的,所以用心从事修定,其实就是你的束缚。

瑜伽研习者心性的修练,才是瑜伽最真切的内涵。

而这一切在当今的训练体系中,所占比例极微。在瑜伽医学的研习过程里,扎根的理论基础,仅有少数人愿意下苦心去研读。以AIS(Active isolated stretch)单一肌肉主动伸展法,有一些老师在教学上有应用其技巧,大部分的学生反应不错,但少部分的学生反应普普,让老师在教学上有一些不知所措,问题到底在那?

其实AIS仅适用在大部分的人身上,另外少部分肌肉筋膜过紧的人,可能要用到PNF(proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation本体感觉神经诱发术)或是其他的技巧,而也有一小部分肌肉筋膜先天软骨的人,这一个方法助益并不大,他们需要的是强化的训练。

所以,第一件事是学会如何判断学生的体质,以及身体的架构,选择适合他的伸展方法,请他在练习时,静心去体会身体的语言,因为学生才是主角,老师只是指导者而已。

接着,认识每一条肌肉的起止点,功能,并判断肌肉所属上下关节是否处在正常位置,再确定:肌肉是否处在正常收缩状态。若是正常,则可以适用,若是受伤,则适受伤的程度,若是严重,则建议先热敷,可用热水袋或是远红外线,再操作技巧。第三个学会逐一伸展,并静下心来感受肌肉伸展的感觉,两秒钟,是因为伸展过度会刺激到肌梭细胞,会引起肌肉的收缩反应,因此在它反应之前就停止,可以逐次加深伸展的程度。

最后,要明白这些伸展法,只是一种暖身保养的方法,效果只能维持一下下,所以适合放在瑜伽体法之前来实行,这在施化难陀的瑜伽课,最常见,因为这个流派的暖身做得十分彻底,每一个动作都停留一下下,从头做到脚。

人体是十分细微而精巧的构造,这些动作在伸展肌肉,看似肌肉是主角,其实不然,主角是神经系统,就像木偶一样,看到木偶在动,其实是背后的细线在动。在这次4/10(六)应用肌肉动力学第四堂课有提到一个观念:Cranial Fault.
Cranial 是颅骨的意思,Fault是错误,二者按中文是颅骨错误,天呵,可不能这样直译,很吓人。它的意思是颅骨是由八块头盖骨组成,这和颜面骨完全不一样。8 Cranial Bones如下:
1 x Ethmoid Bone筛骨
1 x Frontal Bone额骨
1 x Occipital Bone枕骨
2 x Parietal Bones顶骨
1 x Sphenoid Bone 蝶骨
2 x Temporal Bones颞骨

颅骨中间有缝,所以头颅实际上是由八块骨头所组成的,在瑜伽的倒立练习时,重心一般都置放在百会穴或是前囟门(也就是冠状缝及矢状缝交接处),头倒立为何被称为瑜伽之王,那是因为这个动作可以促进内分泌系统的运作,并安定自律神经等等功能。

重点来了,它提到内分泌系统及神经系统,这就是倒立为何如此有名的原因,但很多人都有Cranial Fault的问题而不自知,为了证明同学是否有此问题,彭士峰博士当场示范给我们看.首先,他请一位同学躺下,双手上举,以胸大肌为检测肌肉,一开始检测时,同学的胸大肌是有力的,但接着彭博士请他自行想像刚刚受测的情景之后,再度检查,发现胸大肌这回变得没有力,一点力量也使不出来,太神了,这位壮壮的男生简直不敢相信自己的身体竟无法出力,呵...这就表示这位同学有cranial fault颅骨错位(故且翻之)问题,问题可能出在头颅骨或是脊椎,要仔细检查方可得知.

也有可能是出生时,因为新生儿的头颅较柔软,所以在出生当下有受到挤压,造成颅骨或是脊椎有一些小小的状况,因此,在做横隔膜式的深呼吸时,无法和颅骨的脉动同步,也就是说,当你在深吸气时,颅骨必须是有弹性扩张的,但幅度极微小到无法测量,所以在主流医学的解剖学书上,我们常定义其为不动关节/纤维性关节(synarthrosis)
纤维性连接 (Articulationes fibrosae) –缝隙连接,例如颅骨之间

实际上,颅骨缝是会和呼吸同步脉动的,吸气时,颅骨缝的纤维性组织会扩张,让压力可以释放;吐气时该组织会缩紧。这样的动作可以促进CSF脑脊髓液的流动及头部血液的流动.这就是颅荐疗法为何受人重视的原因.

这里,提到一个十分重要的观念,呼吸,呼吸中枢,位在脑干这个称为生命中枢的地方。有一些事业有成的学生深受睡眠中止症所苦,熟睡一小时呼吸可以停止五六十次,往往一个意外,就因呼吸道狭窄而停止呼吸猝死。

呼吸不仅很重要,对瑜伽人来说更是重要,因为没有呼吸,就没有瑜伽。

深层的呼吸可以让全身的系统运作良好,全身的九大系统,肌肉及骨髂系统只是最粗的一部分,最精细的一部分如内分泌及神经系统常为瑜伽人所轻忽。因为看不到,感受不到。。所以,不重视。但这一切肉身的背后,有一个无名的力量在主使著一切,那就是心,在心的背后还有一个无名的力量,那就是真我,一个与整个宇宙合而为一的力量,所以这个物质的世界实际上是一个大幻象,一切都不是真实的存在,所有的一切都会毁坏,所以,有一天我们也会变成历史的一部分,但只有无形的心所凝集的力量会留下。

18.4 This existence is just imagination. It is nothing in reality, but there is no non-being for natures that know how to distinguish being from not being.
这个世界仅是一种想像,一点也不真实,自性无不存在着对有与无的明觉(bhavabhavavibhavinam)…..
王者之王瑜伽经18.4,P-152

其实,写部落格很累,很想三言两语就结束一个话题,但想想,很多学问若没有全面扎根的学习,只能学会大原则,以大原则去教大班制的学生,尚可行;但教一对一one on one就会有问题,因为你必须对他的身体有很深的认识,可以编排出适合他的教学。因为:魔鬼永远藏在细节里,在教学上必须心细如丝。

 没有理论支持的行动,就像没有船舵和指南针的水手,永远不知道方向。
这是达文西﹝Leonardo da Vinci﹞﹝1452 ~ 1519﹞ 所说的名言。
祝福大家
Judy 

参考资料:

头倒立http://www.yogajournal.com/poses/481

Cranial Fault  http://www.holisticresources.org/nss-folder/craniopathy/

CRANIOPATHY
A POWERFUL APPROACH TO WELLNESS
by Dr. Barry Goldberg, DC, Certified Craniopath, DACBN

If you can imagine yourself at a puppet show you will be able to understand Craniopathy. Very small strings attached to the puppets' arms, legs, and head are all attached to a wood block called a tressel, which the puppeteer holds in his hands and controls all the movements of the puppet. Your body is the puppet and your skull is the tressel. If there is a problem at the tressel (skull) no matter what the puppeteer (doctor) does to the puppet (body) and no matter how many times he untangles the strings, the problems (pain or dysfunction) will always recur until he repairs the problem at the tressel (skull).

Both cranial and diaphragmatic respiration are controlled by a small body of nerve tissue that lies at the base of the brain known as the respiratory center. The center functions as the "master control," keeping perfect timing between cranial and diaphragmatic respiration. We breathe in with diaphragmatic respiration as the brain expands with cranial respiration and the cranial bones move outward to accommodate. When we breathe out with diaphragmatic respiration, the brain contracts in a cranial respiration and the bones retract. When one or more of these cranial bones are moving improperly it is known as a cranial fault.

Cranial faults can cause many symptoms from headaches to backaches or any malfunction of the body. The most common cause of these faults is difficulty in the birth process. The skull of the newborn baby is very pliable. The use of forceps on the soft skull during the birth experience can be traumatic and may cause cranial faults. Most severe cases of cranial faults develop before the age of seven. However, people develop cranial faults later in life from traumatic accidents, i.e. car or blows to the head. Emotional trauma is also a known cause of cranial faults and should not be overlooked. Severe emotional stress causes the body to adopt a defensive torking position in which the spine and skull receive as much punishment as if they had undergone physical trauma. Continuing research will discover more about cranial faults.

Cranial adjustment – The doctor holds the patient's head in a prescribed manner so that bones that are not meant to move are stabilized. Then, he makes the correction by pressing on one of the cranial bones in a specific direction while the patient breathes in or out in a pattern that will assist the correction. These adjustments are rarely painful. However, they can sometimes create emotional reactions, from a feeling of euphoria to depression. These reactions are temporary. Often, patients report having no reaction at all or a feeling of relief and a release of pressure. Cranial adjustments by a craniopath have produced profound and dramatic results for many people. These patients return to work and recreational activities that were long-abandoned and labeled painful. Their lives are restored to them as quickly as if a magical wand had been waved over their heads.

BARRY GOLDBERG, DC , CERTIFIED CRANIOPATH practices in Phoenix at 3228 E.Indian Schol Road and can be reached at  602-957-0543  602-957-0543 .


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  • 日期: 2010-04-15 23:50:10

老师:
辛苦了阿!每次上完肌动学就在期待你的心得,有你才让我的这堂课更
完整,对上课内容我还在慢慢吸收理解,让我很讶异的是,上这门课的人
还真是形形色色,至少每次跟我搭档练习的妈妈,就让我很佩服她的认
真;
文章开头那短短的三四句话也是我最近的观察及感触,纵使外在姿势上
看似完美,但细心观察不难发现姿势透露出了性格.
胸廓没开无法吸进更多的氧气,心没打开无法容纳更多的世界.瑜珈,无
论是教学或做为个人练习,都不是那么轻松容易.
Sandra


  • 留言者: keshava
  • Email: keshava.tw@yahoo.com.tw
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  • 日期: 2010-04-16 00:04:48

Dear Judy,namaskar

你是位很好的老师 可嘉惠许多人 加油

显峯

分类: 应用肌动学,AK,标签: , , , 。这篇内容的永久连结

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